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Counterflow

Solution

In a counterflow design, the air flow is directly opposite to the water flow (see diagram below). Air flow first enters an open area beneath the fill media, and is then drawn up vertically. The water is sprayed through pressurized nozzles near the top of the tower, and then flows downward through the fill, opposite to the air flow.

Advantages of the counterflow design:

  • Spray water distribution makes the tower more freeze-resistant.
  • Breakup of water in spray makes heat transfer more efficient.


Disadvantages of the counterflow design:

  • Typically higher initial and long-term cost, primarily due to pump requirements.
  • Difficult to use variable water flow, as spray characteristics may be negatively affected.

Counterflow diagram.svg

Common aspects of both designs:

  • The interactions of the air and water flow allow a partial equalization of temperature, and evaporation of water.
  • The air, now saturated with water vapor, is discharged from the top of the cooling tower.
  • collection or cold water basin is used to collect and contain the cooled water after its interaction with the air flow.

Both crossflow and counterflow designs can be used in natural draft and in mechanical draft cooling towers.

 
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Article details
Article ID: 6
Category: Articles
Date added: 2013-03-17 05:04:21
Views: 146
Rating (Votes): Article rated 3.1/5.0 (25)

 
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